The story of the universe. Volume 4 (of 4) : The earth's creatures : fauna

"The story of the universe. Volume 4 (of 4)" by Esther Singleton is a scientific anthology written in the early 20th century. Focused on the Earth’s creatures, it gathers accessible essays by leading scientists and popular writers to survey the animal kingdom—its forms, classification, evolution, habitats, and striking adaptations—richly illustrated and curated for general readers. The opening of the volume moves from a lyrical call to observe life’s ubiquity (microscopic to colossal) into clear, foundational science. George Henry Lewes evokes omnipresent life, then demonstrates with the microscope how cilia, endosmosis/exosmosis, and development from a single cell lead to complex differentiation. Thomas H. Huxley outlines modern taxonomy, stresses embryology and fossils, and proposes a Protozoa/Metazoa framework with a tentative classification. Baron Cuvier contrasts four grand animal “plans”: Vertebrata, Mollusca, Articulata, and Radiata, each defined by distinct organization. Lord Kelvin then explores deep-sea fauna—globigerina ooze, sponges (notably hexactinellids like Holtenia and Hyalonema), crinoids, and mollusks—highlighting adaptations, abundance, and even sight at abyssal depths. G. Clarke Nuttall explains ocean “fire” largely as the glow of photo-bacteria, whose light depends on oxygen and suitable nutrients. P. Martin Duncan details jelly-fish anatomy and the hydrozoan lifecycle—planula, fixed polyp colonies (e.g., Sertularia, Plumularia, Hydractinia, Campanularia), and free-swimming medusae—showing “alternate generation.” Andrew Wilson begins a concise primer on fishes—their scales, fins, gills, teeth, senses, and notable forms—leading into the curious sea-horses. (This is an automatically generated summary.)

Read or download for free

For an overview of the different reading options, see our Reading Guide

Reading Options Url Size
Read now! https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/77914.html.images 1.1 MB
EPUB3 (E-readers incl. Send-to-Kindle) https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/77914.epub3.images 1.7 MB
EPUB (older E-readers) https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/77914.epub.images 1.6 MB
EPUB (no images, older E-readers) https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/77914.epub.noimages 619 kB
Kindle https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/77914.kf8.images 2.8 MB
older Kindles https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/77914.kindle.images 2.7 MB
Plain Text UTF-8 https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/77914.txt.utf-8 723 kB
Download HTML (zip) https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/77914/pg77914-h.zip 1.7 MB
There may be more files related to this item.

About this eBook

Editor Singleton, Esther, 1865-1930
Title The story of the universe. Volume 4 (of 4) : The earth's creatures : fauna
Original Publication New York: P.F. Collier and Son, 1905.
Credits John Campbell and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at www.pgdp.net (This book was produced from images made available by the HathiTrust Digital Library.)
Language English
LoC Class Q: Science
Subject Natural history
Subject Astronomy
Subject Earth (Planet)
Category Text
EBook-No. 77914
Release Date
Copyright Status Public domain in the USA.
Downloads 496 downloads in the last 30 days.
Project Gutenberg eBooks are always free!