    The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Great Round World and What Is Going On
    In It, Vol. 1, No. 16, February 25, 1897, by Various

    This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
    almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
    re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
    with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org

    Title: The Great Round World and What Is Going On In It, Vol. 1, No. 16, February 25, 1897
           A Weekly Magazine for Boys and Girls

    Author: Various

    Release Date: March 11, 2005 [EBook #15326]

    Language: English

    Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1

    *** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE GREAT ROUND WORLD AND ***

    Juliet Sutherland, Emmy and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team.
    (www.pgdp.net)

SUBSCRIPTION PRICE, | FEBRUARY 25, 1897 | Vol. 1. No. 16.
$2.50 PER YEAR | [Entered at Post Office, New York City, as second-class matter]

## School Books Wanted

The following school books will be taken in exchange for subscriptions for "Great Round World" at prices named.

Send books by express prepaid. Send none which are much soiled or worn; pages must not be torn nor missing. Mark package—"Great Round World, 3 and 5 West 18th Street, New York City, care William Beverley Harison."

Put your name on package and send a list by mail with your subscription order.

We can use Standard School Books of all kinds, send List of any you may wish to dispose of.

READERS

Barnes' | First, | 20c. | Second, | 30c. | Third, | 40c.
Appleton's | " | 15c. | " | 25c. | " | 30c.
Cyr' | " | 20c. | " | 25c. | " | 30c.
New Franklin | " | 20c. | " | 30c. | " | 35c.
McGuffey's Revised | " | 15c. | " | 25c. | " | 30c.
Stickney's | " | 10c. | " | 15c. | " | 20c.
Swinton's | " | 20c. | " | 30c. | " | 40c.
Information | " | 30c. | " | 30c. | " | 30c.

HISTORIES, UNITED STATES

Barnes' | Primary, 40c. | Large 1890 or later, | 75c.
Eggleston's | First Book, 40c. | " | 75c.
Fiske's |  | " | 75c.
Johnston's | Shorter, 40c. | " | 75c.
Montgomery's | Beginner's, 30c. | " | 75c.
Sheldon's |  | " | 50c.
Thomas' |  | " | 50c.

To the Subscribers of "Current Events":

I take pleasure in announcing that I have purchased the entire subscription list and good will of Current Events, and offer you in its stead The Great Round World, a weekly newspaper for boys and girls.

You will receive one number of The Great Round World for each number of Current Events due you on your subscription. I make the special offer, to send you The Great Round World every week until December 31st, 1897, if you will remit the sum of $1.25 at once.

My regular subscription price is $2.50.

If there is any special feature or department of Current Events which the majority of the subscribers would like to have continued, I will take great pleasure in arranging for it, and I trust that you may find The Great Round World a satisfactory substitute for Current Events.

W illiam Beverley Harison.

Copyrighted 1897, By William Beverley Harison.

Vol. 1 February 25, 1897. No. 16

There does not seem to be any prospect of a settlement of the Turkish troubles.

The various European powers have called the Sultan to account for the massacres in Armenia, and laid out a system of reforms, which they think should be made.

But this is as far as they have got.

"You may lead a horse to the water, but you cannot make him drink." The various powers of Europe are learning that this is a very true saying.

They have decided upon the reforms that Turkey ought to make, but they are as puzzled as they can be to know how they are going to make the Sultan order these reforms.

Germany, France, Italy, Austria, England, and Russia have been discussing the matter for weeks.

They have been saying among themselves, "What on earth are we going to do if Turkey flatly refuses to make any reforms at all?"

This is the European conundrum.

The consequence is, that the full list of reforms has not yet been given to the Sultan.

All the powers are feeling that it is of no use to tell him what they insist shall be done, until these same powers have made up their minds what they are going to do, if he tells them all to go away and mind their own business.

England suggests that, if the Sultan refuses, they shall call out their soldiers and sailors, and fight him till they make him obey.

Russia is unwilling that the Sultan should be forced to do what he does not wish to do.

The Russian Minister at Constantinople says that he knows for a fact, that if the powers do anything to lower the Sultan's dignity in the eyes of Europe, all the Turks will rise and make war upon the offending country.

Russia says that to carry out the reforms that Europe asks for will take money, and she thinks it would be wiser for Europe to provide Turkey with the necessary money, and then keep an eye over her, and, through the control this loan of money would give, see that the reforms are carried out.

This seems the most sensible plan, but nothing has been decided upon.

The desired reforms deal entirely with the way the various provinces shall be governed.

Turkey is a very large empire, and the trouble with the present system of government is, that the Sultan does not have resident ministers for the various parts of it, as other countries do, but governs the whole himself, being guided entirely by the advice of the few people near him in his palace, who do not know the affairs of the empire any better than he does, but advise him according to their own whims, or prospects of making money out of the country. The result is great injustice to the people.

Europe feels that this is not a proper way to govern a great country, and insists that he shall rule his people with law and justice.

Europe says that the Sultan must appoint ministers to govern the different parts and departments of his empire, and that he must, as other sovereigns do, ask the advice of his ministers before he makes the laws, and not be guided entirely by personal favorites and friends.

While all Europe is uneasy about him, the Sultan is keeping very quiet, not letting any one have the smallest idea what he means to say or do when these reforms are offered to him.

The Czar of Russia is quite ill, and every one feels sorry that he should be sick now, when his advice and assistance are so badly needed to settle the worrying Turkish question, which has so troubled Europe.

The young Czar Nicholas, who was crowned with so much pomp and glory at Moscow last August, seems unable to carry on the government of Russia.

Many people say he is too weak to govern, and that there are going to be troubles and revolts in Russia.

The truth of the matter seems to be, that the young Czar is a gentle, kind-hearted man, who will not govern Russia in the stern, cruel way that his forefathers have done, and who is therefore thought to be weak and incapable.

While he is making a part of his people love him for his goodness, by far the larger half, who have, under the old rule, been able to make money and gain great power, are furious against him.

Poor young Nicholas is not only hated by the people who were most friendly to his father, but by the Nihilists, who look upon him as their natural enemy, and, between the two parties, it is said that the Czar goes about in constant fear of his life.

Nicholas never wanted to be a ruler. Those who know him say that he has become grave and sad in the few months since he came to the throne.

It is said that he is of too gentle a disposition to be able to keep his ministers in order, and that they quarrel fiercely in his presence, and show very little respect for him.

According to all accounts, his health is giving way under the constant worry, and it is reported that he received a shock a few weeks ago, which so completely upset him, that it brought on his present illness.

He was walking in his gardens, and wishing to speak to one of the men who was at work, he signalled to him to come to him. The gardener, proud of his sovereign's notice, ran towards him at full speed. But a sentry, who had not noticed the Czar's signal, fearing that the man was going to harm the Emperor, fired his gun at him, and he fell dead at the Czar's feet.

Nicholas was terribly overcome by the dreadful mistake.

Some people say that his present illness is due to anxiety about the Czarina, who is also ill, and again others say that the wound which Nicholas received when he was travelling in Japan is the cause.

He was struck by a crazy Japanese, and would have been killed, had not Prince George of Greece, the son of the present King of Greece, who was with him, warded off the blow. As it was, the blow was heavy enough to form a lump on the young man's skull, which has caused him great pain, and which some people declare is troubling him now.

Whatever the cause, the Czar is ill, and in no state to attend to anything but his own affairs. It is a sad pity just at this moment, when Europe needs him so badly.

There is a little flurry in Siam.

Siam is in Asia, just below China, and next door to Burmah.

Some weeks ago a report came from Bangkok, the capital of Siam, that some Siamese soldiers had fired upon and wounded our American Vice-Consul, Mr. Kellett.

Our minister there protested, and sent word of the outrage to the King.

But the King of Siam did not take the slightest notice of the protest.

Then word was sent to Washington, with the request that an American gunboat be sent to Bangkok, to teach the Siamese to respect United States citizens.

The gunboat was despatched, and has duly arrived off Bangkok, but still the King of Siam does not give any reason for the brutality of his soldiers.

It is said that an American named Cheek, who owned some very valuable property in Siam, died a short while ago, and named Mr. Kellett in his will as the man who was to settle his property for him.

No sooner was Mr. Cheek dead, than the Siamese government tried to prevent Mr. Kellett from settling his affairs, and did their best to stop the sale of Mr. Cheek's property.

It is reported that Mr. Kellett would not submit to this interference, but did his duty very thoroughly, and tried to make the Siamese government behave honorably, too.

This enraged the Siamese, so the story goes, and they tried to kill Mr. Kellett to get him out of the way.

The captain of the gunboat, Commander Reiter, has orders from Washington to look into the whole affair, and if he finds that the story we have heard is true, and that Siam is in the wrong, he is to insist that the King makes proper amends.

The Siamese, having wounded the Consul of one country, soon after had trouble with the representative of another.

The German Minister to Siam was attacked in the streets, not by soldiers, as was Mr. Kellett, but by a mob.

The dispatches say that an American named Bennett put himself at the head of the police, beat back the mob, and saved the German Minister's life.

The reasons for this last outrage have not been given, but in this case the Siamese government has behaved very well.

An apology has been sent to the German Minister, and the King has decorated him with some Siamese order.

Of course this makes us feel all the more surprised that the King does not take any notice of the wounding of Mr. Kellett, but our gunboat is at Bangkok, and if the King owes us an apology, he will be made to give it.

The long-talked-of treaty between England and Venezuela has been signed. These countries agree to settle the question of the boundary between Venezuela and British Guiana by arbitration.

In No. 9 of The Great Round World you will find a full account of the quarrel between England and Venezuela. It was said that England claimed more land than belonged to her.

You will see, if you look at No. 9, how the United States stepped in, and helped to adjust matters.

The signing of this treaty brings a quarrel to an end that has been going on for upwards of a century.

The boundary line which has been so much disputed has been surveyed several times, but no two surveyors have agreed, and so all the troubles have come about.

The treaty says that the arbitrators are to find out just how much land belonged to the colony of British Guiana at the time it became the property of England, and that they are to work from that point.

The Committee of Arbitration is to meet in Paris, and is to consist of two Englishmen, Baron Herschel, and Sir Richard Henn Collins, a Judge of the English Supreme Court; one American, Judge Brewer; and one member chosen by Venezuela, who is also an American, the Hon. Melville Weston Fuller, Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court.

These four arbitrators are to decide among themselves who shall be the fifth man to join them in their work.

If they have not been able to agree on the fifth man in three months after they meet, our old friend, King Oscar of Sweden, is to step in and fill the vacant place.

The treaty provides that within six months after it is signed the committee must meet in Paris, and that the whole work shall, if possible, be completed within six months after the meeting.

The two copies of the treaty, as soon as they were signed by Sir Julian Pauncefote for England, and Senor José Andrade for Venezuela, were sent off, the one to London, the other to Caracas, to be ratified by the governments of England and Venezuela.

The ratification must be made within six months of the date of signing, and then the work of the committee will begin.

Very little headway has been made with our own treaty with England.

The Committee on Foreign Relations has made certain changes in it, and handed it to the Senate with a recommendation that it be accepted.

The changes made strike out the name of King Oscar of Sweden as umpire, and narrow the work of the arbitrators down to dealing solely with matters that concern Great Britain and the United States in their relations with each other.

The idea is to make it impossible for England to interfere if we wish to make a treaty with another country.

Some people think that if the treaty be ratified as first presented, we will be compelled to ask the advice and permission of England in reference to every treaty or similar arrangement we may want to make with other countries.

It seems most important, among other things, that we should be free to make the best terms for ourselves in the matter of the Nicaragua Canal, and that we ought to be entirely free to settle all questions with our Central and South American neighbors.

From what we hear, these alterations are not pleasing to the English people.

The Times, the most important London newspaper, says that it is a pity that the treaty has been so much changed that it is really of no value at all. The paper goes on to say that if the treaty should not be ratified by the Senate, the good work done on it will not have been wasted, for it will have given a great lesson to the people of both countries, and indeed to the whole world. The first step has been taken toward the beginning of universal peace.

Meanwhile, the treaty is in the hands of the Senate, and may soon be discussed.

News comes from Hamburg that the strike of the dock laborers is over.

The strikers have been beaten because of their lack of money.

In No. 7 of The Great Round World you will find an account of the strike, and if you will also refer to No. 10, you will see that it was thought that the strikers could not hold out very much longer.

The money the strikers expected to receive from other labor unions to help them was so slow in coming that the men and their families were in want, and no man is likely to stand out for the benefit of others when his own children are suffering from cold and hunger.

The men have gone back to their old employers and asked for work. The pity of it all is, however, that during the strike others have been taken on in their places, and the employers have now no work to give them.

After holding out since the end of October, and refusing the masters' offer to give them $1.10 a day, and let all future troubles be settled by arbitration, the strikers have had to give in without gaining a single point. It is very sad.

The plague in India is still raging fiercely, and every one is feeling very grave about it.

Europe is so afraid that it will spread, that the greatest care is being taken to quarantine all people who have come from India.

All letters and merchandise are carefully fumigated, and they say that in Italy the authorities are so frightened that they fumigate the people, as well as their clothes and baggage.

So serious is the situation, that the Sultan of Turkey has issued an order forbidding the yearly pilgrimage to Mecca.

The European Ambassadors in Russia and Persia are begging the rulers of those countries to forbid pilgrims to pass through their lands, or to embark from their ports.

You will understand what a very serious order this is, when you realize that the pilgrimage to Mecca is a part of the religion of every Moslem, and that about seventy thousand pilgrims go every year.

In all religions, there is some special ceremony or service that people must attend if they wish to be considered children of God.

With the Moslems or the followers of Mohammed, it is necessary that once in their lives they make the pilgrimage, or hadj as it is called, to Mecca.

It does not matter how many thousand miles of sea or land must be crossed to reach Mecca; once in his life every Mohammedan must make the pilgrimage, if he wants to reach paradise when he dies.

The Mohammedans believe that when they have made their pilgrimage, they are forgiven their sins, and can go back to the world as free from sin as when they were born. All Mohammedans who have made this pilgrimage are given the title of Hadji.

There are about one hundred and seventy-six millions of Mohammedans who believe this, and who have been believing it, and making their pilgrimages, since and even before the year 620 A.D.

These people are scattered through Asia, Europe, Africa, and Oceanica, which, as you know, is sometimes called the fifth division of the globe by geographers, and consists of Australasia and all the islands below Asia. The Philippine Islands, where Spain's second war is raging, are a part of Oceanica.

If you will take your map, and see what an enormous portion of the globe is inhabited by Mohammedans, and then find Mecca, which is in Arabia, close to the Red Sea, you will understand that the making of this pilgrimage is no easy thing to many of the Moslems, and that it must have a most serious meaning to them to make them undertake such terrible journeys.

These people must save a great deal of money, and have much difficulty in arranging their affairs, so that they can afford the time to make the journey, which their religion says must be made on foot wherever it is possible.

Forbidding the pilgrimage for one year means the disappointing of seventy thousand people, and it is thought that the Moslems may rebel against the Sultan's decree.

Even if they thought that the pilgrimage might spread the fearful plague, and kill the millions of people who do not believe in the prophet Mohammed, they would persist in going, thinking they would in that way be doing a great work for their religion.

The Sultan has therefore this very difficult matter to deal with, and while Europe is wondering what to do with him, he is showing that after all he has a great deal of courage and common sense.

The pilgrimage is made to Mecca to perform there certain religious rites, but particularly to visit the Great Mosque, or Temple, to pass around the Kaaba, and to kiss the sacred Black Stone.

The Kaaba is the most sacred shrine or altar of the Mohammedans. It was in existence before Mohammed was born, in 570 A.D., and was a place of worship even then.

In one corner of it is the sacred stone, which the Moslems believe was brought down from heaven by the angel Gabriel, and given by him to Abraham to make the corner-stone of the Kaaba.

They believe that the stone was originally a ruby, but that the tears which the pilgrims have shed over it for their sins have turned it quite black.

The sacred black stone was broken in the year 683, and the pieces are kept together by a silver setting. The stone itself is about eight inches long, and is set into the outside wall of the Kaaba, where it can be conveniently kissed by a person of medium height.

Mohammedans always turn toward a certain point of the compass when they say their prayers, and it is toward the sacred black stone that they turn.

The gathering together of the pilgrims at Mecca has often brought plague, and nearly always brings disease in its train, and there is very little doubt but that the Bubonic Plague, which is raging in India, would be caught by the pilgrims, and spread by them over the whole of Asia and Europe.

This plague is supposed to attack only the dirty and unwashed, and as the majority of these pilgrims are filthy beyond description, it would be certain to fasten upon them.

This will be the first year, since the death of the prophet Mohammed, that there has been no general pilgrimage to Mecca.

We may hear a great deal more about it yet.

At last active measures are about being taken in reference to the terrible Dead Man's Curve.

Some weeks ago, it was said that it was to be done away with, and the cars run through a tunnel made under Union Square.

Nothing, however, has so far been done, and the people are getting tired of risking their lives, to oblige a cable car company.

At last the officers of the law have interfered, and the owners of the road are being prosecuted, for having their cars run in such a manner that it is a danger to citizens.

The president of the company was called before the Grand Jury, and said that it was impossible to run the cars around that curve in any other way than that which is in use at the present time.

Several engineers who understood all about cable cars were then called. They said that if the company would put a short cable on the stretch of road around the curve, there need be no more danger. They said that a gripman could stop his car or slow up on a short cable, but that with the long cable, such as the company is now using, it is impossible for the gripman to have any control of his car while rounding the curve.

The president of the company declared that a short cable would not work. The case is to go to trial. While the worst that can be done to the company is to be fined $500, people are looking forward to the trial, because they expect that the witnesses who give evidence will show some way of getting the car round the curve without shaking everybody who is in it, and killing or wounding all who cannot jump out of its way.

Did you ever see a house move?

If you have not, you have missed a very funny sight.

Imagine driving along a country road, and meeting a three-story house making a journey along the highway to new quarters.

There is a good deal of this to be seen just now at Katonah, New York.

A year or so ago the Croton water, which is in use in New York City, was found to be impure.

A commission was appointed to go and examine the Croton Water-Shed. This meant that they were to examine the little streams, and brooks, and rivers, and lakes, which supplied the water to our aqueduct, and see what the trouble was.

They found that along the banks of these streams and lakes, in villages and out in the country, a great many dwelling-houses and shanties had been built, the occupants of which were in the habit of throwing all sorts of rubbish into the water, making it unfit for drinking.

In consequence of this, all of the houses were ordered to be torn down or moved away, and one small village of shanties was destroyed. Among others, the inhabitants of Katonah were ordered to move, that the banks of the stream might be cleared of dwellings.

Katonah has a railroad depot, and a post-office, and thinks a good deal of itself.

When the Water-Shed Commission said that it must move or be destroyed, Katonah gathered its residents together, and decided that rather than be wiped off the face of the map, it would pick up its houses and move itself.

So a new Katonah was established, about a quarter of a mile away from the old one, and just outside the Water-Shed on which it was forbidden to build, for fear of spoiling the water for New York.

For several months past there has been a procession of houses moving from old Katonah to new.

The Sun gave an amusing account of seeing a barber's shop leading the parade; this was closely followed by a large yellow cottage, with a cat, who had refused to leave her home, still seated on the front door-step.

The way that houses are moved is very simple.

You of course understand that only frame or wooden houses can be moved any distance. Houses of stone or brick would be likely to fall to pieces, and being so heavy, the difficulty of moving them is greatly increased. They are therefore seldom moved, and only for very short distances.

Frame houses are always put on stone or brick foundations. If the wood were put right down on the earth, the damp would soon rot it, and the house would fall, so strong stone or brick foundations are first laid, and then the wooden house is built upon them.

When a house is to be moved, a carpenter puts beams across in all the weak spots, the ceilings are shored up, and all is made snug inside. Then the house is raised off the foundations on beams, and made all firm underneath, and then is made to slide off its foundations on some huge rollers that are laid in the high road.

Ropes are then fastened to some of the heavy beams under the house, and horses are brought. The ropes are tied to the horses, and as they pull, the house slips from one roller to another.

Houses can be moved very safely, but not very quickly, and it is of course much less expensive to move an old house than to build a new one.

One of the strangest things about the moving at Katonah, is that the villagers are trying to take their shade trees with them, as well as their houses.

One of the residents had some very fine trees in his garden, and he hated to leave them behind him, so he decided to try and see if they could not be moved.

The neighbors made the greatest fun of him, but he did not care, and set to work as soon as the ground was frozen hard enough, to allow of the tree being moved without disturbing the earth around the roots.

The procession of houses is now varied by a great tree, forty feet high, which is moving down the road in the same quiet, stately way as the cat, and the barber's shop, and the yellow cottage.

G enie H. Rosenfeld.

## INVENTION AND DISCOVERY.

A great sea monster has been washed ashore on the coast of Florida, and men who study natural history are much interested in it. What is left of the creature is said to weigh eight tons, and no one can tell exactly what kind of a fish it is, because it appears to have been tossed by the waves for a long time, and has been partly destroyed by them.

Those people who have seen it think that it is a kind of cuttlefish, but that the arms, or tentacles, as they are called, have been broken away from it. These arms must have been from one to two hundred feet long. It is now only a huge body without much shape to it. Photographs and careful descriptions of it have been sent to the Smithsonian Institution in Washington and to Yale College, and the scientific men there expect to be able to decide what it is by comparing it with other known kinds of mollusks. Scientists study these things so carefully, that they can tell what the exact size of an animal was, and what it looked like, if but a small portion is left; we may therefore expect to hear all about this great creature ere long.

The size of this wonderful creature can be better realized, when we learn that it took four strong horses, a dozen men, and three sets of tackle to move it.

At first it seemed impossible to believe that such a terrific monster really existed. Sailors have told so many yarns for the sake of making a good story, that people are a little afraid to believe the wonderful tales of the sea, but The Great Round World took pains to find out that this eight-ton cuttlefish story was true, so we need have no doubts about it.

The cuttlefish, which supplies the bone we buy for our canaries, is a very terrible fish indeed.

The bone, as we call it, is not really bone, but a sort of half-formed shell which the cuttlefish wears under its skin.

It has a large round body, surrounded by eight arms, which are many times the length of the body, and which it can twist or turn in any direction. The mouth is in the centre of these arms. Professor Winchell describes this ugly creature for us. He says:

"Staring out from either side of the head (the head and body are really one) is a pair of large, glassy eyes, which send a shudder over the beholder. At the bottom of the sea the creature turns its eight arms down, and walks like a huge submarine spider, thrusting its arms into the crevices of the rocks, and extracting thence the luckless crab that had thought itself secure from so bulky a foe. Each of the arms is covered with what are called suckers. Each sucker consists of a little round horny ridge, forming a little cup, which is attached to the arm by a stem. When the arm is pressed upon an object, the effort to escape from the grasp of the arm causes a suction which effectually retains the object."

Professor Winchell goes on to tell that these cuttlefish or octopods sometimes attain a very great size, and that sailors tell wonderful stories about them. In one of these stories, the captain of a ship declared that, while sailing off the African coast, he sent three of his men over the side of the ship to scrape it. While they were at their work one of these monsters reached its long arms up from the water and drew two of them into the sea.

Professor Winchell says that while this may be only a sailor's yarn, it is at the same time well known that these creatures do attain a fearful size.

The recent discovery of the cuttlefish in Florida may lead to some extremely interesting discoveries.

Horseless Fire-Engine.

A monster steam fire-engine is being built for the city of Boston, and it is to be a horseless engine.

For some time past the Fire Department has been seeking for some engine powerful enough to throw water to the top of the very high buildings—the skyscrapers, as they are called.

An ordinary engine is of very little use for these tall buildings. And an engine large and powerful enough to throw the water to the necessary height would be so heavy that no horses could draw it.

The difficulty has been met by the invention of this horseless engine, which will throw a two-inch stream of water over 300 feet into the air.

The engine is propelled much in the same way as a steam engine. The driver sits on a seat in front of the engine, and steers it by means of a wheel, and the engine is moved by steam.

When it arrives at the fire, the driving arrangement is disconnected, and all the energy of the steam is turned into the apparatus for forcing up the water.

The engine is sixteen feet long, seven feet wide, and ten feet high. How terrified the horses in the roads will be when this huge monster comes rushing toward them, spouting fire, and appearing to move of its own free will.

Lieutenant Wise and His Kite.

We gave an account, in an earlier number, of Lieutenant Wise and his efforts to make kites strong enough to lift soldiers into the air, that they may overlook an enemy's fortifications.

He has almost succeeded. The other day he made a fresh attempt, and had himself raised forty-two feet in the air.

He sent up four kites, with a pulley and rope attached. To this rope a boatswain's chair was fastened, and when the wind was blowing steadily enough for him to make the attempt, he seated himself in the chair, and had the soldiers who were helping him draw him up toward the kites.

They succeeded in pulling him up forty-two feet, and when he was lowered again he said that he did not feel uncomfortable while in his lofty perch, and that the swinging motion was very slight.

The experiment was made on Governor's Island, New York Harbor.

G.H.R.

Victor L. Lawson | Horace White | Hoke Smith
President | First Vice-President | Second Vice-President

DIRECTORS |
John Norris | C.W. Knapp |  | Melville E. Stone
M.H. de Young | Clayton McMichael |  | General Manager
Frederick Driscoll | A.J. Barr |  | Charles S. Diehl
F.B. Noyes | L. Markbreit |  | Assistant General Manager
T.G. Rapier | Stephen O'Meara |  | George Schneider
Victor F. Lawson |  |  | Treasurer

The Associated Press
General Office

New York, January 23, 1897.
W illiam Beverley Harison, Esq.
Publisher Great Round World.
D ear Mr. Harison:

The conception of The Great Round World magazine appeals to me very strongly. It meets what has always been lacking in the field of reading for the young; current history is of the highest importance to the child, and should be clearly and honestly told. In their book reading, the children have the established facts of history presented in accurate and approved form. The events of to-day, however, which will make possible the chapters of history in the books of another decade, have never been accurately presented in equally agreeable form until the advent of the new magazine. It seems to me, therefore, that it deserves and will have a vigorous growth. I congratulate you on the form of the new magazine, and the careful summary of the news of the world thus far given.

Yours sincerely,
C harles S. Diehl.

### TO LIBRARIES AND PUBLIC SCHOOL

# TEACHERS

One trial subscription for one year to any public school teacher in the United States or Canada, $1.00 net; libraries having a free reading-room for boys and girls, one subscription for $1.00, any additional subscriptions, $1.50. Sunday-school libraries, same terms. Sample copy free to any one desiring to examine the little newspaper.

Address

William Beverley Harison
3 & 5 W. 18th St.
New York

REMIT BY EXPRESS OR POSTAL ORDER, OR BY BANK DRAFT

Copies of the very interesting Röntgen or "X Ray" photographs can be obtained now from The Great Round World.

These famous photographs are mounted on cards, size 11 x 14 inches, and are from selected negatives made by

PROF. M.I. PUPIN, of Columbia University, New York,
DR. A.W. GOODSPEED, of University of Pennsylvania, and
DR. W.F. MAGIE, of Princeton College.

A selection of 39 different subjects is offered.

PRICE, 50 CENTS EACH, (to yearly subscribers of The Great Round World, 40 cents net).

Address all orders to The Great Round World, or

William Beverley Harison
3 & 5 West 18th Street New York City

### Who is Collecting Monograms?

We have been asked by so many of our boys and girls for monograms, that we have had collections made of some of the prettiest, and can now send them to any address, postage paid, upon receipt of the price.

The safest ways to remit are by registered letter or postal note.

Set | No. | 1. | 25 | printed | in | one | color |  |  |  | 25 | cents
" | " | 2. | " | " | " | " | " |  |  |  | 35 | "
" | " | 3. | " | " | " | gold, | silver, | and | bronze |  | 50 | "
" | " | 4. | " | " | " | " | " | " | " |  | 70 | "
" | " | 5. | " | embossed | in | gold, | silver, | and | colors |  | 80 | "
" | " | 6. | " | " | " | " | " | " | " |  | 80 | "

Complete set, including all of these sets $3.00

Address,

WILLIAM BEVERLEY HARISON
3 and 5 West 18th Street, New York City

The straight edge cuts "just like a knife" with the grain.

The circular edge makes a round, smooth cut and leaves the pencil smooth and without a ridge, as if sandpapered.

Note the PROTECTED Cutting Edges. The sides of the slot form a guide so you cannot break the point. It cannot slip. You can carry it loose in your pocket without fear of injuring the sharpener or yourself.

Sample sent by mail on receipt of 15 cents or 8 two-cent stamps.

Any boy or girl sending 10 two-cent stamps and a correct solution to this puzzle will receive two sharpeners and sample copy of The Great Round World.

PUZZLE—Rearrange these numbers, 1 to 25, so that each line from side to side, and from top to bottom, also from corner to corner, will, when added, make the same sum.

Any one enclosing $1.50 with correct solution will receive a Slot Sharpener and one year's subscription to THE GREAT ROUND WORLD, 3 and 5 West 18th Street, New York City.

## School Books Wanted

The following school books will be taken in exchange for subscriptions for "Great Round World" at prices named.

Send books by express prepaid. Send none which are much soiled or worn; pages must not be torn nor missing. Mark package—"Great Round World, 3 and 5 West 18th Street, New York City, care William Beverley Harison."

Put your name on package and send a list by mail with your subscription order.

We can use Standard School Books of all kinds, send List of any you may wish to dispose of.

READERS

Barnes' | First, | 20c. | Second, | 30c. | Third, | 40c.
Appleton's | " | 15c. | " | 25c. | " | 30c.
Cyr' | " | 20c. | " | 25c. | " | 30c.
New Franklin | " | 20c. | " | 30c. | " | 35c.
McGuffey's Revised | " | 15c. | " | 25c. | " | 30c.
Stickney's | " | 10c. | " | 15c. | " | 20c.
Swinton's | " | 20c. | " | 30c. | " | 40c.
Information | " | 30c. | " | 30c. | " | 30c.

HISTORIES, UNITED STATES

Barnes' | Primary, 40c. | Large 1890 or later, | 75c.
Eggleston's | First Book, 40c. | " | 75c.
Fiske's |  | " | 75c.
Johnston's | Shorter, 40c. | " | 75c.
Montgomery's | Beginner's, 30c. | " | 75c.
Sheldon's |  | " | 50c.
Thomas' |  | " | 50c.

## School and College Text-Books

#### AT WHOLESALE PRICES

At my New Store (FEBRUARY 1ST)

### 3 & 5 West 18th Street

The St. Ann Building

With the greatly increased facilities I can now offer to my customers the convenience of an assortment of text-books and supplies more complete than any other in any store in this city. Books will be classified according to subject. Teachers and students are invited to call and refer to the shelves when in search of information; every convenience and assistance will be rendered them.

Reading Charts, miscellaneous Reference Charts, Maps, Globes, Blackboards, and School Supplies at net prices singly or in quantity.

All books removed from old store (more or less damaged by removal) will be closed out at low prices.

Mail orders promptly attended to
All books, etc., subject to approval

William Beverley Harison, 3 & 5 West 18th Street

FORMERLY 59 FIFTH AVENUE

## SIMPLE LESSONS IN THE

## STUDY OF NATURE

### By I.G. OAKLEY

This is a handy little book, which many a teacher who is looking for means to offer children genuine nature study may be thankful to get hold of.

Nature lessons, to be entitled to that name, must deal with what can be handled and scrutinized at leisure by the child, pulled apart, and even wasted. This can be done with the objects discussed in this book; they are under the feet of childhood—grass, feathers, a fallen leaf, a budding twig, or twisted shell; these things cannot be far out of the way, even within the stony limits of a city.

Nor are the lessons haphazard dashes at the nearest living thing; on the contrary, they are virtually fundamental, whether with respect to their relation to some of the classified sciences, or with reference to the development of thought and power of expression in the child himself.

The illustrations are few, and scarcely more than figures; it is not meant to be a pretty picture-book, yet is most clearly and beautifully printed and arranged, for its material is to be that out of which pictures are made. It will be found full of suggestions of practical value to teachers who are carrying the miscellaneous work of ungraded schools, and who have the unspeakable privilege of dealing with their pupils untrammelled by cast-iron methods and account-keeping examination records.

Sample copy, 50 Cents, post-paid

WILLIAM BEVERLEY HARISON
3 & 5 W. 18th St. · · · New York City

### KLEMMS'

## RELIEF PRACTICE MAPS.

LIST OF MAPS.

Small size, 9-1/2 x 11 | { Plain, | 5 | cents | each.
| { With Waterproofed surface | 10 | " | "

Europe, Asia, Africa; North America, South America, East Central States, New England, Middle Atlantic States, South Atlantic States, Palestine, Australia.

Large size, 10 x 15 | { Plain, | 10 | cents | each.
| { With Waterproofed Surface, | 15 | " | "

United States, British Isles, Roman Empire, Western Europe, North America, South America, Asia.
(POSTAGE ON SINGLE MAPS, 5 CENTS.)

"I would advise Sunday-school teachers to use, in connection with the lessons of 1897, Klemm's Relief Map of the Roman Empire. Every scholar who can draw should have a copy of it. Being blank, it can be beautifully colored: waters, blue; mountains, brown; valleys, green; deserts, yellow; cities marked with pin-holes; and the journeys of Paul can be traced upon it."—Mrs. Wilbur F. Crafts, President International Union of Primary Sabbath-School Teachers of the United States.

DESCRIPTION OF THE MAPS.

These maps are made in two forms, both with beautifully executed relief (embossed)—the cheaper ones of plain stiff paper similar to drawing paper (these are to be substituted for and used as outline map blanks), the others covered with a durable waterproof surface, that can be quickly cleaned with a damp sponge, adapted to receive a succession of markings and cleansings. Oceans, lakes, and rivers, as well as land, appear in the same color, white, so as to facilitate the use of the map as a geographical slate.

WILLIAM BEVERLEY HARISON
3 & 5 W. 18th St. · · · New York City

## Evolution of Empire Series

### UNITED STATES

##### BY

#### MARY PLATT PARMELE

AUTHOR OF
"Who? When? What?" "France," "Germany," "England," Etc.

Price,
Post-paid
75 Cents

From New York Sun Editorial Dec. 30, 1896.

In too many of the little school histories there is but a tedious, bare narrative of apparently unconnected facts, and there is a profitless rigmarole of dates and names: but when the sequence of cause and effect is not obscured, and form and life are given to the actors, and the development of events and institutions is traced, the story of the United States becomes, as it should become, the most, fascinating as it is the most important of histories to Americans; and whatever in historical inquiry and writing promotes accuracy, adds detail, and clears up obscurity, increases the worth and the, charm of the work.

W.B. Harison has published in his "Evolution of Empire" series, a brief historical sketch of the United States, by Mary Platt Parmele, whose other volumes in the series have received cordial praise. In this book one finds the story of our country told in about 300 pages, and very interestingly is it written. The book leaves out the innumerable incidents and figures which are of great importance to students, but which are not necessary in a book for general reading, and presents the narrative in a graphic manner, in which the interest of the reader never flags. The book is bound in blue buckram and costs but 75 cents. The other volumes in the series deal with the histories of France, England, and Germany, in the same brilliant vein.—Hartford Post.

Its value does not lie in the multitude of facts which it contains, but rather in the lucid, natural way in which a few really important facts are presented and grouped, and in the stimulus which it imparts to a rational study of our country's history.—The Review of Reviews.

In "The Evolution of an Empire," Mary Platt Parmele has endeavored to give in outline the story of the discovery, settlement, and development of the United States of America, touching only upon vital points and excluding all detail. The task has been a most difficult one on account of the constant temptation to deal with matters of minor importance. The author has, however, succeeded in making a very acceptable book.—Boston Transcript.

The latest issue in the "Evolution of an Empire" series is Mary Platt Parmele's "History of the United States." It is a short and simple outline, which presents in a book of about 300 pages the main facts of our national history, and a very fair and judicial presentment it is, too. While the general reader will find it of interest, it has been prepared more particularly for the young, who are easily wearied by the prolix details which encumber so many of the histories prepared for them. Mrs. Parmele very truly remarks that the child, bewildered in a labyrinth of unfamiliar names and events, fails to grasp the main lines and soon dislikes history, simply because he has been studying, not with a thinking mind, but with one overtaxed faculty, memory, intended to be the humble handmaid of the higher faculties. In the work under consideration, she begins with the first voyage of Columbus and brings us down to the principal events of 1893; she is sparing of details, and has merely skeletonized her theme, adding sufficient of incident, to avoid dryness. It seems a meritorious and well-prepared work, and a chronological table adds to its value.—The Detroit Free Press.

WILLIAM BEVERLEY HARISON
3 and 5 West 18th St.—44 East 49th St.
NEW YORK CITY

    End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Great Round World and What Is
    Going On In It, Vol. 1, No. 16, February 25, 1897, by Various

    *** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE GREAT ROUND WORLD AND ***

    ***** This file should be named 15326-h.htm or 15326-h.zip *****
    This and all associated files of various formats will be found in:
            https://www.gutenberg.org/1/5/3/2/15326/

    Juliet Sutherland, Emmy and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team.
    (www.pgdp.net)

    Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions
    will be renamed.

    Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no
    one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation
    (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without
    permission and without paying copyright royalties.  Special rules,
    set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to
    copying and distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works to
    protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm concept and trademark.  Project
    Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you
    charge for the eBooks, unless you receive specific permission.  If you
    do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying with the
    rules is very easy.  You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose
    such as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and
    research.  They may be modified and printed and given away--you may do
    practically ANYTHING with public domain eBooks.  Redistribution is
    subject to the trademark license, especially commercial
    redistribution.

    *** START: FULL LICENSE ***

    THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE
    PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK

    To protect the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting the free
    distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work
    (or any other work associated in any way with the phrase "Project
    Gutenberg"), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full Project
    Gutenberg-tm License (available with this file or online at
    https://gutenberg.org/license).

    Section 1.  General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project Gutenberg-tm
    electronic works

    1.A.  By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg-tm
    electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to
    and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property
    (trademark/copyright) agreement.  If you do not agree to abide by all
    the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or destroy
    all copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in your possession.
    If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a Project
    Gutenberg-tm electronic work and you do not agree to be bound by the
    terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person or
    entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8.

    1.B.  "Project Gutenberg" is a registered trademark.  It may only be
    used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who
    agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement.  There are a few
    things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works
    even without complying with the full terms of this agreement.  See
    paragraph 1.C below.  There are a lot of things you can do with Project
    Gutenberg-tm electronic works if you follow the terms of this agreement
    and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg-tm electronic
    works.  See paragraph 1.E below.

    1.C.  The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation ("the Foundation"
    or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection of Project
    Gutenberg-tm electronic works.  Nearly all the individual works in the
    collection are in the public domain in the United States.  If an
    individual work is in the public domain in the United States and you are
    located in the United States, we do not claim a right to prevent you from
    copying, distributing, performing, displaying or creating derivative
    works based on the work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg
    are removed.  Of course, we hope that you will support the Project
    Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting free access to electronic works by
    freely sharing Project Gutenberg-tm works in compliance with the terms of
    this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg-tm name associated with
    the work.  You can easily comply with the terms of this agreement by
    keeping this work in the same format with its attached full Project
    Gutenberg-tm License when you share it without charge with others.

    1.D.  The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern
    what you can do with this work.  Copyright laws in most countries are in
    a constant state of change.  If you are outside the United States, check
    the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this agreement
    before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, distributing or
    creating derivative works based on this work or any other Project
    Gutenberg-tm work.  The Foundation makes no representations concerning
    the copyright status of any work in any country outside the United
    States.

    1.E.  Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg:

    1.E.1.  The following sentence, with active links to, or other immediate
    access to, the full Project Gutenberg-tm License must appear prominently
    whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg-tm work (any work on which the
    phrase "Project Gutenberg" appears, or with which the phrase "Project
    Gutenberg" is associated) is accessed, displayed, performed, viewed,
    copied or distributed:

    This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
    almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
    re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
    with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org

    1.E.2.  If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is derived
    from the public domain (does not contain a notice indicating that it is
    posted with permission of the copyright holder), the work can be copied
    and distributed to anyone in the United States without paying any fees
    or charges.  If you are redistributing or providing access to a work
    with the phrase "Project Gutenberg" associated with or appearing on the
    work, you must comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1
    through 1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the
    Project Gutenberg-tm trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or
    1.E.9.

    1.E.3.  If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is posted
    with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution
    must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any additional
    terms imposed by the copyright holder.  Additional terms will be linked
    to the Project Gutenberg-tm License for all works posted with the
    permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of this work.

    1.E.4.  Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg-tm
    License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this
    work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg-tm.

    1.E.5.  Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this
    electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without
    prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with
    active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project
    Gutenberg-tm License.

    1.E.6.  You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary,
    compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including any
    word processing or hypertext form.  However, if you provide access to or
    distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg-tm work in a format other than
    "Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other format used in the official version
    posted on the official Project Gutenberg-tm web site (www.gutenberg.org),
    you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense to the user, provide a
    copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means of obtaining a copy upon
    request, of the work in its original "Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other
    form.  Any alternate format must include the full Project Gutenberg-tm
    License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1.

    1.E.7.  Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying,
    performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg-tm works
    unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9.

    1.E.8.  You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing
    access to or distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works provided
    that

    - You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from
         the use of Project Gutenberg-tm works calculated using the method
         you already use to calculate your applicable taxes.  The fee is
         owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark, but he
         has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the
         Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation.  Royalty payments
         must be paid within 60 days following each date on which you
         prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your periodic tax
         returns.  Royalty payments should be clearly marked as such and
         sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the
         address specified in Section 4, "Information about donations to
         the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation."

    - You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies
         you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he
         does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg-tm
         License.  You must require such a user to return or
         destroy all copies of the works possessed in a physical medium
         and discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of
         Project Gutenberg-tm works.

    - You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of any
         money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the
         electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days
         of receipt of the work.

    - You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free
         distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm works.

    1.E.9.  If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg-tm
    electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set
    forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from
    both the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and Michael
    Hart, the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark.  Contact the
    Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below.

    1.F.

    1.F.1.  Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable
    effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread
    public domain works in creating the Project Gutenberg-tm
    collection.  Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg-tm electronic
    works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may contain
    "Defects," such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate or
    corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other intellectual
    property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or other medium, a
    computer virus, or computer codes that damage or cannot be read by
    your equipment.

    1.F.2.  LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the "Right
    of Replacement or Refund" described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project
    Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project
    Gutenberg-tm trademark, and any other party distributing a Project
    Gutenberg-tm electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all
    liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal
    fees.  YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT
    LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE
    PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH F3.  YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE
    TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE
    LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR
    INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
    DAMAGE.

    1.F.3.  LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a
    defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can
    receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a
    written explanation to the person you received the work from.  If you
    received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium with
    your written explanation.  The person or entity that provided you with
    the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in lieu of a
    refund.  If you received the work electronically, the person or entity
    providing it to you may choose to give you a second opportunity to
    receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund.  If the second copy
    is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing without further
    opportunities to fix the problem.

    1.F.4.  Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth
    in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you 'AS-IS' WITH NO OTHER
    WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO
    WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTIBILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE.

    1.F.5.  Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied
    warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages.
    If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the
    law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be
    interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted by
    the applicable state law.  The invalidity or unenforceability of any
    provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions.

    1.F.6.  INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the
    trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone
    providing copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in accordance
    with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the production,
    promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works,
    harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, including legal fees,
    that arise directly or indirectly from any of the following which you do
    or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg-tm
    work, (b) alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any
    Project Gutenberg-tm work, and (c) any Defect you cause.

    Section  2.  Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg-tm

    Project Gutenberg-tm is synonymous with the free distribution of
    electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of computers
    including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers.  It exists
    because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations from
    people in all walks of life.

    Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the
    assistance they need, is critical to reaching Project Gutenberg-tm's
    goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg-tm collection will
    remain freely available for generations to come.  In 2001, the Project
    Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure
    and permanent future for Project Gutenberg-tm and future generations.
    To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation
    and how your efforts and donations can help, see Sections 3 and 4
    and the Foundation web page at https://www.pglaf.org.

    Section 3.  Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive
    Foundation

    The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non profit
    501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the
    state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal
    Revenue Service.  The Foundation's EIN or federal tax identification
    number is 64-6221541.  Its 501(c)(3) letter is posted at
    https://pglaf.org/fundraising.  Contributions to the Project Gutenberg
    Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent
    permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state's laws.

    The Foundation's principal office is located at 4557 Melan Dr. S.
    Fairbanks, AK, 99712., but its volunteers and employees are scattered
    throughout numerous locations.  Its business office is located at
    809 North 1500 West, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887, email
    business@pglaf.org.  Email contact links and up to date contact
    information can be found at the Foundation's web site and official
    page at https://pglaf.org

    For additional contact information:
         Dr. Gregory B. Newby
         Chief Executive and Director
         gbnewby@pglaf.org

    Section 4.  Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg
    Literary Archive Foundation

    Project Gutenberg-tm depends upon and cannot survive without wide
    spread public support and donations to carry out its mission of
    increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be
    freely distributed in machine readable form accessible by the widest
    array of equipment including outdated equipment.  Many small donations
    ($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt
    status with the IRS.

    The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating
    charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United
    States.  Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a
    considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up
    with these requirements.  We do not solicit donations in locations
    where we have not received written confirmation of compliance.  To
    SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any
    particular state visit https://pglaf.org

    While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we
    have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition
    against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who
    approach us with offers to donate.

    International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make
    any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from
    outside the United States.  U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff.

    Please check the Project Gutenberg Web pages for current donation
    methods and addresses.  Donations are accepted in a number of other
    ways including including checks, online payments and credit card
    donations.  To donate, please visit: https://pglaf.org/donate

    Section 5.  General Information About Project Gutenberg-tm electronic
    works.

    Professor Michael S. Hart was the originator of the Project Gutenberg-tm
    concept of a library of electronic works that could be freely shared
    with anyone.  For thirty years, he produced and distributed Project
    Gutenberg-tm eBooks with only a loose network of volunteer support.

    Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks are often created from several printed
    editions, all of which are confirmed as Public Domain in the U.S.
    unless a copyright notice is included.  Thus, we do not necessarily
    keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition.

    Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search facility:

         https://www.gutenberg.org

    This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm,
    including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary
    Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to
    subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks.